Communication Tips

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Communicating with a people with dementia can be challenging. In order to keep them in touch with the people in their lives, you will have to find ways to compensate for their declining abilities.

And as with most things in life, knowing how to communicate is key.

As your loved one becomes less able to understand what is said to him or her, you may have to incorporate new techniques, including:

• Gently touches,
• Expressive body movements,
• Distinct expressions on your face,
• Thoughtful tone of voice

At the same time you are learning to communicate differently, you may notice that your loved one begins to “speak” to you in new ways as well, using actions and expressions rather than words.

If you are struggling to communicate effectively with you loved one, the following guidelines may help you:

• Set the stage. Communication is always easier if other things are not happening at the same time. Keep your home quiet and calm. For example, if a TV or radio is on when you want to talk with your loved one, turn it off.

• Get your loved one’s attention. Approach your loved one slowly and from the front. Gently touch your loved one’s hand or arm to help get his or her attention.

• Make eye contact. If possible, sit facing your loved one or stand in front of him or her and maintain eye contact. This makes it easier for your loved one to understand what you are saying.

• Speak slowly and clearly. Use simple words and short sentences. If your loved one has hearing problems, face him or her and lower the pitch of your voice.

• Communicate one message at a time. Keep conversations simple. Do not include too many thoughts or ideas at one time. Do not give many choices. Questions that can be answered with “yes” or “no” are easier than open-ended questions.

• Pay attention. Your loved one’s reactions to what you say can give you an idea of how much he or she is understanding. Pay attention to the expression on his or her face. Respond to your loved one’s moods and feelings when the words he or she uses do not make sense or are inappropriate.

• Repeat important information. If your loved one did not understood the message the first time, repeat it, using the same words.

• Show and talk. Show and tell your loved one what you mean. For example, if it is time to wash his or her hair, have the shampoo and towel at hand to help you explain.

Keep in mind that feelings remain despite the losses caused by dementia, and feelings may be the only way your loved one understands what’s going on.